Phytochemical Screening and Invitroacaricidal Activity of three Herbal Extracts aginst Cattle Tick Boophilus Decoloratus
Habtamu Demisse, Sisayeweldgebrial
Published: September 07, 2021.
Abstract
Boophilus decoloratus tick is an economically important ecto parasite of the cattle and that generates major problem for livestock producers. Commonly, these ecto parasite are controlled by commercial acaricides produced by manufacturers however, increase in resistance, environmental toxicity, scarcity and high cost led to the evaluation of other alternative tick controlling option. This expermintalstudy was designed to determine the acaricidal efficacy of Daturastramonium, Nicotianaglauca and Azadirachtaindica herbal extracts against the common cattle tick Boophilusdecolratous. Qualitative phytochemical screening was used to detect secondary metabolites contained in the selected herbs. The percentage of adult mortality and percentage inhibition of oviposition were studied at different experimental concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100mg/ml to determine the efficacy of leaf extracts. 3% of Dimethyl sulfoxide was also used as a negative control. The study determined the presence of secondary metabolites such asalkaloids, tannins, glycosides in the herbal leaf extracts, which are able to cause neuro toxicity in the tick. Inhibition of oviposition at the highest concentration of Daturastramonium, Nicotianaglauca and Azadirachtaindica of the treated ticks were 78.68, 86.84 and 52.63%, respectively. At the highest concentration, the adult tick mortality was 90, 100 and 80% for Daturastramonium, Nicotianaglauca and Azadirachtaindica, respectively. The results of the current study pointed the potential acaricidal effect of selected medicinal plants with varying potency. Therefore, further study should be done in vitro and in vivo assays to use studied plants as acaricides.
Key words: Azadirachtaindica; Boophilusdecoloratus; Daturastramonium; Nicotianglauca