Impact of Climate Change on Floriculture Industry of India

Lakshman C De*, Nikhila Vaagdevi Anumala, Ashok Kumar, SS Biswas, Kalaivanan NS, Suman Natta, Chandan Gowda H and SP Das
ICAR-NRC for Orchids, Pakyong-737106, Sikkim
*Corresponding Author: Lakshman C De, ICAR-NRC for Orchids, Pakyong-737106, Sikkim.

Published: October 08, 2024

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Abstract  

Basically, climate change is the increase in the atmospheric temperature due to enhanced levels of greenhouse gases (GHGs) i.e. CO₂, Methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) in the atmosphere. It is manifested in terms of occurrence and repetition of events like droughts, melting of glaciers and rising sea levels. Climate change affects directly or indirectly the agricultural activity including crops, soils, livestock and pests. Directly, increase in temperature reduces crop duration, increase crop respiration rate, alteration in photosynthesis process, survival and distribution of pest population, hasten nutrient mineralization in soils, decrease fertilizer use efficiency and increase evapo-transpiration. Indirectly, it influences agricultural land use pattern, intensity of droughts and floods, soil organic matter transformation, soil erosion, changes in pest complex and decline in arable areas. In India, where half of the agricultural land is rainfed, climate change directly affects crop yields, soil processes, water availability, and pest dynamics (Pathak, 2023).

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