Insects: The Promising Protein Factory and Waste Valoriser Revolutionizing Aquaculture

Soibam Khogen Singh¹, Dharmendra Kumar Meena²* Jham Lal² and S Patel^2
1ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ukhrul-795142, Manipur, India
²ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal-700120, India
*Corresponding Author: Dharmendra Kumar Meena, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, West Bengal-700120, India.

Published: July 03, 2024

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Abstract  

As the global population rapidly grows to 10 billion by 2050, the need for sustainable and efficient food production has never been pressing. The most recent statistics indicates that, global aquaculture production hit a record-breaking 130.90 million tons in 2022 (SOFIA, 2024). The aquaculture sector, which is already indispensable in providing global food demands, is facing growing challenges, including rising feed costs, pollution, and the need to reduce its dependence on traditional fishmeal and soybean meal. In this crossroads, the arrival of insects is a boon to the industry because they represent an understated yet revolutionary subject in the quest for sustainable aquaculture. Insects, particularly black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) and mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) have emerged as strong options for inclusion in aqua feeds (Singh et al., 2023). Their protein content is comparable to fishmeal, indicating a remarkable amino acid profile required for aquatic animals' growth and health. According to studies, insect protein can effectively substitute up to 50% of fishmeal in diets for a number of fish species without affecting growth performance or feed efficiency (Siddaiah et al., 2023). This substitution not only reduces pressure on wild fish species, but also promotes to create a more balanced and resilient food system. Furthermore, insects are not only a feasible protein source; they are also high in lipids, vitamins, and minerals, which boost the nutritional content of aqua-feeds (Ardra et al., 2024). The inclusion of them in fish diets has been related to improved intestinal health, disease resistance, and even better quality products in terms of flavour and texture. As research reveals the many benefits of insect-based feed, the potential for wider adoption in the industry grows tremendously.

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