An Overview of the many Methods that may be used to Diagnose and Treat Malaria
Abdulaziz Radhi S AL Johni*, Omar Ali H Alsariry, Mohanad Mohammad Ayash, Amal Mohammed A Alaslai, Mohammed Ali Jaber Khubrani, Mariam Ahmed M A Yamani and Amirah Ahmed M Alyamani
Published: December 31, 2022
DOI: 10.55162/MCMS.04.094
Abstract
The global spread of malaria is a serious public health concern. Parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium are responsible for this condition. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are responsible for the vast majority of human malaria cases, however the former is the more dangerous species. During their blood stages, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax cause similar anemia. Nearly a third of all malaria deaths are attributable to severe cases of malarial anemia induced by P falciparum. Multiple factors seem to contribute to malaria-related anemia. Red blood cell clearance increases and bone marrow erythropoiesis decreases characterize this condition. Still poorly understood at the molecular level are the mechanisms that cause malarial anemia. Malaria parasite ligands have been investigated for their potential roles in the destruction of adult erythrocytes and the remodeling of younger erythrocytes. The risk of developing severe malarial anemia has been linked to polymorphisms in cytokines. It is believed that the goal of these cytokines and the "toxins" generated by malaria is to interfere with erythropoiesis. The inflammation brought on by malaria is likely to be exacerbated by co-infections, making malarial anemia more likely to develop [1].
Keywords: The Origins of Malaria; Cause of malaria; Malaria as a Cause of Poverty; Types of malaria; symptoms; Diagnosis; Treatment