Assessing the Use of Artificial Intelligence as an Online Learning Technology at the South African Universities of Technology
Skhumbuzo Clement Mtetwa* and Mfanelo Ntsobi
Da Vinci Institute, 16 Park Ave, Modderfontein, Johannesburg, 1609, South Africa
*Corresponding Author: Skhumbuzo Clement Mtetwa, Da Vinci Institute, 16 Park Ave, Modderfontein, Johannesburg, 1609, South Africa.
Published: May 19, 2025
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence has emerged as a transformative tool in higher education, particularly in online learning environments. Despite its growing influence, limited research exists on the specific application of AI in South African Universities of Technology (UoTs). This study aimed to explore the use, benefits, and limitations of AI-driven tools in online learning at UoTs. The study was framed within the constructivist theoretical lens, focusing on how technology can support active learning and student-cantered pedagogy. This research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of AI. The study used surveys and interviews as research strategies from a sample of faculty members and students at multiple UoTs. The data collection methods involved were online surveys for students and semi-structured interviews for faculty members. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data, while quantitative data were analysed through SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Corporation) for descriptive and inferential analysis.
The findings reveal that AI-driven tools have the potential to significantly enhance student engagement and academic performance, particularly through personalised learning experiences. However, challenges such as infrastructural limitations, insufficient faculty preparation, and ethical concerns, particularly around data privacy, hinder the full integration of AI technologies in UoTs. The recommendations include enhanced faculty training and improving technological infrastructure to support AI implementation.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Higher Education; Online Learning; South Africa; Universities of Technology
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