Next Generation Energy Green Hydrogen: Critical Review

Archana Desai¹*, Kuldeep Joshi² and Hemangini Shah^3
1Research Scholar, Silver Oak University, Gujarat, India
^2,3Professor, Silver Oak University, Gujarat, India
*Corresponding Author: Archana Desai, Research Scholar, Silver Oak University, Gujarat, India.

Published: May 30, 2023

DOI: 10.55162/MCET.04.141

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Abstract  

The transition to a sustainable and low-carbon energy system has become a global imperative, driven by the need to mitigate climate change and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Green hydrogen, produced through the electrolysis of water using renewable energy sources, has emerged as a promising solution to address these challenges. This critical review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the next generation energy green hydrogen, focusing on its production, storage, transportation, and applications. The paper begins by discussing the various methods of green hydrogen production, including alkaline electrolysis, polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis, and solid oxide electrolysis. It examines the advancements in electrolyzer technology, catalysts, and materials, as well as the integration of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. The review also explores the scalability and cost-effectiveness of green hydrogen production, highlighting the need for continued research and innovation to drive down costs and increase efficiency. In addition to production, the paper evaluates different storage technologies for green hydrogen, including compressed gas, liquefaction, and chemical storage. It analyzes the advantages, limitations, and safety considerations of each method, emphasizing the importance of reliable and efficient storage systems to enable the integration of green hydrogen into existing energy infrastructure. The review explores the transportation options for green hydrogen, including pipelines, trucks, ships, and blending with existing natural gas networks. It discusses the infrastructure requirements, safety regulations, and energy losses associated with each mode of transport, underscoring the need for a robust and interconnected hydrogen distribution network. The paper also examines the diverse applications of green hydrogen across various sectors, such as transportation, industry, and power generation. It discusses the potential for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the decarbonization of heavy industries like steel and chemicals, and the role of green hydrogen in grid balancing and energy storage. The review emphasizes the need for policy support, market incentives, and public-private collaborations to accelerate the adoption of green hydrogen technologies. Paper discusses the current policy landscape and regulatory frameworks for green hydrogen at the national and international levels. It analyzes government initiatives, financial incentives, and research and development programs aimed at promoting green hydrogen as a key pillar of the future energy system. Hydrogen is a useful energy carrier for remote or high-energy density applications. It can also be used as a feedstock for chemical reactions to create a variety of synthetic fuels and feed stocks. This paper is based on a survey and analysis of the development, production, and use of hydrogen energy. It has been suggested that hydrogen will be the future generation of energy for everyone based on the critical review.

Keywords: Energy; Hydrogen; development; renewable source