The Engineering Schools: Restoration the best Russian Traditions of Technical Education
Aida Nurutdinova R*, Elena V Dmitrieva, Elmira R Vasilyeva and Liliya Z Samigullina
Published: December 19, 2022
Abstract
So what is the Russian engineering school? Why exactly is it necessary to restore it? Among the many publications on the founding of 30 engineering schools in Russia, there is almost no explanation of this phenomenon [1]. Perhaps this is due to the fact that historians of science know more about the “Russian engineering school”. Experts in the history of science and Higher Education in Russia are in solidarity in their main assessments and conclusions [2]. According to their opinion, from the birth of engineering education in Russia under Peter the Great and up to the present day, the engineering school has been preparing true engineering élite, who were capable of resolving the most challenging issues of ensuring security and technological development of the country. Since the end of the 19th century it has achieved such a level that it has always been a role model for others to follow. For a better understanding of the Russian engineering education, it is necessary to look at the main periods of its formation and development [3].
The beginning of engineering education in Russia was launched on January 27, 1701. According to Peter the Great's decree on the establishment of the School of Mathematical and Navigational Sciences in Moscow, “this school is essential not only for the unified navigation and engineering, but also for artillery and citizens' benefit” [3, 4]. However, it was under Peter the Great that Theophanes Prokopovich introduced into Russian the word engineer, which goes back to the Latin ingenium - “witty invention”. However, Russian engineering education itself is directly linked to the establishment of the Imperial Moscow Technical School (nowadays - Bauman Moscow State Technical University) [6, 7].